What does stenosis refer to?

Stenosis refers to the constriction or narrowing of a passage within the body. This term is often used in a medical context to describe areas where blood vessels, ducts, or other tubular structures become narrowed, which can lead to various health issues, such as restricted blood flow or other complications depending on the location and severity of the stenosis. For example, spinal stenosis involves the narrowing of the spaces within the spine, which can cause pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. The understanding of this term is crucial in many medical assessments and interventions, particularly in cardiology or orthopedics.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the definition of stenosis; they refer instead to processes that expand or increase functionality rather than constrict it.