What condition is characterized by excessively high blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetics, leading to severe dehydration?

The condition that is characterized by excessively high blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetics, leading to severe dehydration, is known as Hypoglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS). This syndrome typically occurs in individuals with type 2 diabetes and is marked by significantly elevated blood sugar levels, often exceeding 600 mg/dL. As blood glucose levels rise, the kidneys attempt to excrete the excess sugar, leading to increased urination and concurrent loss of fluids. This causes severe dehydration as the body loses water and electrolytes rapidly.

In HHNS, the lack of adequate insulin means the body remains unable to use glucose for energy properly, which leads to the production of high levels of glucose in the blood. This hyperglycemic state can be exacerbated by factors such as infections, illness, or certain medications. As dehydration progresses, it can lead to serious complications, including confusion, lethargy, or even coma.

In contrast, other conditions such as hyperglycemic shock or diabetic ketoacidosis pertain to different mechanisms and complications within diabetic patients. For instance, diabetic ketoacidosis typically involves elevated blood sugar but is associated with the production of ketones due to insufficient insulin, leading to metabolic acidosis, which is